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Eczema: An Allergic Disease Of Childrenby Audrey Lynn Eczema is a type of skin disorder in young children born within families allergy history. Today, around 20 % of the French children compare to 3 to 5 % 30 years ago. But, this disease in general is benign and eventually disappears from itself after a few years of evolution. Certain infants do not have a chance of getting eczema. Others with their body covered by red patches, which bring about strong itchings and are covered with a thickened, very dry skin, or weeping skin. In the toddlers, this cutaneous allergy prevails more readily on the level of the face, often on the level of the knees. After 2 years, one preferentially meets it on the level of the folds of the elbows and the knees, but certain children suffer from lesions on the level of the hands, the arms or on wider body zones. They often scratch a lot till bleeding, and their everyday life is affected. This the more so as the patches tend, to reappear with the least stress. It is thus not rare that some of these young patients tend to be isolated from the other children and that their parents adopt a protectionist behavior. Higher risk of asthma Fortunately for these small patients and their family, the eczema of the child rarely last after 3-4 years. At the adulthood only the most severe forms of the disease persist indeed. But eczema, in general, is observed in children having of the family antecedents of allergy. For this reason, the eczema children thus carry higher risk of getting asthma if their skin condition persists. By adolescence, they will be able to as develop more often as the other young people of the rhinitides(hay fever) of allergic origin. To differentiate from the eczema of contact Affection of the child with strong hereditary factor, atopic eczema should not be confused with the eczema of contact. This other form of eczema is generally seen in adults and appears by the appearance of an eruption on the skin after the wearing of jewels imagination out of nickel, the use of cosmetics or substances like formaldehyde. One finds in the two diseases a phenomenon of sensitizing to a foreign agent (allergen) but the mechanisms brought into play are not completely the same ones. The eczema of the child is a true allergy, secondary with the increase of the production of certain antibodies, the immunoglobulins E, in response to allergens of the food (milk, eggs, soya etc) or contained in the atmosphere (pollens, microscopic organisms like dustmite). Some of them cross the cutaneous barrier, from where the attack of the skin. The eczema of contact of the adult corresponds, him, rather with a local reaction developed afterwards repeated contacts of the skin with a sensitizing substance. The aspect of the sick skin is a little different : one notes the appearance on the level of the zone reached of multiples small blisters which contain a liquid and can break. The eczema of contact is cured with the disappearance of the agent in question. Remain that, in practice, this gesture of good direction is not always simple to realize because the allergen can be met within a professional framework. In the eczema of the child, one will be able, when the allergen is known, to try to remove it, for example by modifying the food of the child or while tackling the source of the allergy (removal of a stuffed mattress of dustmite). But, there too, it is often easier to say than to make! A desensitizing could be tried in certain cases, but these children are often sensitive to several substances what complicates this approach. Very often, the treatment of eczema is symptomatic, using mostly hydrocortizone steroid creams and emollients. In order to prevent reappearance of the disorder, the eczema patient needs to use the steroid cream consistently, which eventually will demand a heavier dose. To overcome strong itchings, the administration of a drug antihistamine will be able to bring a relief. However, today, more and more people are questioning the consequences of these superficial treatments. Due to their long term effects, one need to use caution when using these treatments. |
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